This paper complements the clinical evidence that low amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields may elicit therapeutic responses in patients with cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells were exposed to the same signals used in in vitro exposure systems designed to replicate in vivo conditions. The modulation frequencies were previously identified by biofeedback methods in patients with a diagnosis of cancer. The control exposure consisted of randomly chosen modulation frequencies within the same 100 Hz–21 kHz range as cancer-specific frequencies. The growth of HCC and breast cancer cells was significantly decreased by HCC-specific and breast cancer-specific modulation frequencies, respectively. However, the same frequencies did not affect proliferation of nonmalignant hepatocytes or breast epithelial cells. Inhibition of HCC cell proliferation was associated with down-regulation of XCL2 and PLP2. The IT'IS Foundation designed and provided the exposure system.
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